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20(a) Provide the name and full description of the community that the applicant is committing to serve

gTLDFull Legal NameE-mail suffixDetail
.madridComunidad de Madridmadrid.orgView
The .MADRID TLD application is submitted by the Region of Madrid (Comunidad de Madrid), which is the Government of the region of Madrid region; analogous to the States in the Federal States of the USA) on behalf of, and for the Madrid community.

The following clauses (A), (B) and (C) describe the delineation of the Madrid community and corresponding policy principles of the .MADRID TLD.

(A) The Madrid community comprises individuals as citizens and legal entities with presence in the Region of Madrid. This territory comprises the 179 Municipalities, including the city of Madrid and its metropolitan area Madrid is the capital of Spain as established by art. 5 of the Spanish Constitution. A bona fide presence in the Madrid area may be determined by the following:

- residence in the Madrid area, or

- the pursuit of lawful business activities in the Madrid area, or

- the pursuit of cultural leisure, and sport activities in the Madrid area, or

- any other kind of direct or indirect presence that is generally accepted as legitimate for, and conducive to the welfare of, the Madrid area.

(B) Registration of domain names under the .MADRID TLD is restricted to members of the Madrid community and subject to the further requirement that the domain name registrant’s direct or indirect presence in the Madrid area and the registrant’s use of the domain name must be:

(1) of a kind that is generally accepted as legitimate and
(2) conducive to the welfare of the Madrid area and
(3) of commensurate quality to the role and importance of the respective domain name and
(4) based on good faith at the time of registration and thereafter.

(C) The government of the Region of Madrid, in relation to the requested .MADRID TLD, acts as the highest representative body for the Region of Madrid, as well as the representative of this community in dealings with other institutions of the Spanish state and its different administrative bodies, including the city of Madrid as state capital. In light of this, the full support of the Spanish Government has been obtained through the Secretary of State for Telecommunications, as well as for the Information Society and that of the city of Madrid, via its activities in the area of Economic Governance, Employment and Citizen Participation, with the common objective of establishing new channels for relationships based on good faith.



Answers to enumerated question points:

How the community is delineated from Internet users generally. Such descriptions may include, but are not limited to, the following: membership, registration, or licensing processes, operation in a particular industry, use of a language.

The Madrid community relates to the geographic area of the Region (Comunidad) of Madrid or the Madrid area, a described above. The Madrid area comprises the geographic urban areas of the city of Madrid. It is clearly recognizable by urban infrastructure, such as the local transport network in and around the City of Madrid. It also comprises 180 other municipalities of diverse size and character.

The delineation described under (A) above matches the reality of the Madrid community as it has existed since the advent of Madrid as a modern metropolis.

A Madrid community has existed for a long time. For as long as it has existed, those who belonged to it were those who had a bona fide presence in the urban area and its surroundings. With the advancement of civilization, new forms of presence (such as business or culture) have become generally accepted. A bona fide presence in the Madrid area may be direct or indirect, on the basis of domicile, activity, cultural links or any other constructive commitment to the Madrid area. It may be emanating from the area or be directed to the area.

Given the vast scope of a modern metropolitan community, and its surroundings, community membership always depends on context. This is why, for the purpose of domain registrations, the strength and quality of the registrant’s nexus must be commensurate to the role and importance of the domain name to the community.

In other words, a bona fide presence in the Madrid area (and thus community membership) is a necessary condition, NOT in itself a sufficient condition for the right to hold any imaginable .MADRID domain name. As the policy principles under (B) above description show, there are additional requirements specific to the intrinsic role and importance of the domain name in question. They concern in particular the nature of the registrant’s presence in the Madrid area and the registrant’s use of the domain name.

The wish to hold a .MADRID domain name is not in itself a sufficient indication of a bona fide presence in the Madrid area. Furthermore, if a person has been able to register a domain name in .MADRID, this does not in itself entitle that person to register any imaginable other .MADRID domain name.


How the community is structured and organized. For a community consisting of an alliance of groups, details about the constituent parts are required.

As any other modern metropolitan area, the Madrid community is organized to the highest degree. The Madrid area belongs to one single, highly integrated community. Because of if its importance and size, the community’s organization involves a number of public bodies and authorities on several levels (such as the Region, the Municipalities, and for the biggest among them, the Districts), treaties between public bodies, joint investments in public infrastructure companies, public-private partnerships, coordinated policies and legal frameworks that define the duties and prerogatives of each body. The public bodies are established by law and their representatives are democratically elected by universal suffrage. It goes without saying that private companies and cultural or welfare organizations also belong to the organization of the community.


When the community was established, including the date(s) of formal organization, if any, as well as a description of community activities to date.

The City of Madrid (and therefore the Greater Madrid Area) has existed as an organized community since Middle Age, having grown naturally over time. It has been the Court and then Capital of Spain since 1561.

The activities of the Madrid community are:
- the shared concerns and pursuits of the residents and stakeholders of the Madrid area (along with their organizations or public bodies)
- the shared use of the infrastructure and services of the Madrid area, such as transport, telecommunications, as well as culture, education, welfare and leisure,
- a strong focus for tourism, including leading role in cultural tourism (Madrid is the seat, for instance, of the World Tourism Organization).
- the role of the City of Madrid as capital of Spain.

The Madrid community includes extensive activities in the digital world specific to the Greater Madrid Community, both in the form of e-government services and public authorities’ contributions to the development of information society. The .MADRID TLD is designed to be directly related to the activities of the Madrid community, including fostering the use of electronic administration and promoting political and social participation.


The current estimated size of the community, both as to membership and geographic extent.

The population of the Madrid area is in the order of 7 million inhabitants. The geographic extension of the Madrid Region is at 8.021 square kilometers.

The Madrid Region comprises, beyond the City of Madrid, 179 Municipalities that can be found on www.madrid.org
gTLDFull Legal NameE-mail suffixDetail
.SHOPGMO Registry, Inc.gmoregistry.comView
As is the case with any community, “membership” is based on common features, characteristics, activities, interests, etc.

The target community for .SHOP is business entities or organizations that deploy commercial activities in an online or offline environment or provide information in relation thereto over the Internet. Their common goal is to sell products and services to third parties, using the Internet as a direct or indirect sales channel.

However, with differences of experience, types of products and services, and conditions related to the purchase thereof, the way ebusinesses attempt to achieve such goals differs from that of brick-and-mortar stores.

Under .SHOP, only those who engage or intend to engage in commercial activities qualify to register domain names, if they meet requirements that – once finalized – will be laid down by the Applicant. Key features of the policy are described below.

COMMUNITY NAME

The target community does not have one “name”, members have several common characteristics and features, and their activities (and industry) are generally referred to as “online shopping”, “ecommerce”, “ebusiness”, etc.

DELINEATION

Community members, as opposed to Internet users generally, are business entities or organizations that deploy commercial activities in an online or offline environment or provide information in relation thereto on the Internet. In brief, Internet users in general are mainly on the demand side: generally seeking information about products or services, or purchasing them online. The intended registrants for .SHOP are always (but not necessarily only) on the supply side.

Although it is a broad and heterogeneous community not defined by any geographical borders, limited to certain cultures or form of trade, the community can be delineated more specifically as follows:

- community members deploy commercial activities with a certain continuity, whereas most Internet users only sporadically engage in commercial transactions, mainly as buyers (demand side);

- in some countries, to deploy commercial activities, registration with an official register is required prior to or shortly after engaging in such activities; and, in some countries, a VAT or sales tax number, or equivalent thereof is also required;

- those engaging in ecommerce related activities have 1 or more websites on which they offer products or services etc. Internet users in general do not usually have transactional websites, and use the Internet only for trading in their own name and for their own purpose. Also, generally, Internet users are not engaged in marketing activities or promotional campaigns for products or services;

- in some countries, specific commercial activities are regulated by an official or non-official body. These activities are not organized by Internet users in general, although they can benefit from this supervision, regulations and soft-law.


STRUCTURE AND ORGANIZATION

There is no worldwide coordinating body representing the entire community, though there are organizations and associations related to the industry at regional, national, state, and city levels, such as Chambers of Commerce, professional employer organizations, etc. The targeted community members are globally distributed, with organized activities undertaken by various organizations, stakeholder groups, etc.

Globally, various organizations represent the interests of businesses, including the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC), Business Europe, the International Fair Trade Association, etc. On a national or regional level, community members are organizing themselves in an attempt to promote use of the Internet in commercial activities, and establish trust in ecommerce.


DATE(S) OF FORMAL ORGANIZATION, IF ANY, AS WELL AS A DESCRIPTION OF COMMUNITY ACTIVITIES

Community activities include, but are not limited to, buying, selling, exchanging, trading and leasing of goods, services, information, or any other property on the Internet, or activities of a similar nature. Since the community is not represented by a single organization, there is no one establishment date.

REPRESENTATIVES OF THE COMMUNITY WHO HAVE ENDORSED THIS APPLICATION INCLUDE:

- European Multi-channel and Online Trade Association (EMOTA), an organization that represents, at European and international level, the interests of ecommerce companies and retailers interacting with customers through all distance sales channels - websites, call centers, direct mail, catalogues, TV etc. EMOTA was founded under Belgian law in May 1982, however it developed out of AEVPC (Association Européenne de Vente par Correspondence) which was already in existence in 1971. EMOTA speaks for organizations generating over a third of a trillion US dollars in annual online trade. It works closely with the European Commission and national governments and is continually consulted in areas of, ecommerce Governance and Self Regulation, Industry Data, Codes of Best Practice, Dispute Resolution, Investment, Trading Standards and Cross Border issues. The 15 countries directly represented are Austria, Czech Republic, Finland, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
http:⁄⁄.www.emota.eu⁄

- Belgian Digital Marketing Association, an organization established in January 2003 in conjunction with Safeshops.be;
http:⁄⁄www.bdma.be⁄
http:⁄⁄www.safeshops.be⁄

- EC Network, an organization established in April 2006;
http:⁄⁄www.ecnetwork.jp⁄en⁄

- Japan Foundation for Electronic Commerce (JFEC), an organization originally established as Electronic Commerce Conference (ECC) in 2003. After the inception of the Act on Authorization of Public Interest Incorporated Associations and Public Interest Incorporated Foundations in 2008, ECC became JFEC in January 2009.
http:⁄⁄www.j-fec.or.jp⁄

- Japan E-commerce Conference (JECC), an organization established in July 2004;
http:⁄⁄www.jecc.or.jp⁄

THE CURRENT ESTIMATED SIZE OF THE COMMUNITY, BOTH AS TO MEMBERSHIP AND GEOGRAPHIC EXTENT.

Given its nature, it is difficult to demonstrate community size: statistics vary from hundreds of thousands to millions of entities who sell products and services using the Internet. On a daily basis, new businesses appear, and existing merchants go out of business. However, there are strong reasons to believe that the net result will be positive.

Nonetheless, more insights exist into the number of potential beneficiaries of a dedicated, safe, secure and trustworthy .SHOP namespace:

According to a recent report by EURid, the registry operator for .EU, 26.5% of domain names in their sample pointed to websites used for business purposes. The authors of the Report analyzed 50,000 websites randomly selected across 11 TLDs, and classified these in 8 categories; “Business”, “Community”, “Institutional”, “Holding Page”, “Pornography”, “Error”, “Pay-per-Click”, and “Password Protected”.

According to the Report, a business website is “a website that clearly shows commercial activity and that is designed for customer interaction. Business websites provide information about the company, including contact details, company structure, and descriptions of products or services. Some also allow customers to shop online.”

If we extrapolate this result to the total number of domain names registered in the world, and conservatively estimate the number of community members, the result is that currently about 40-50 million websites exist with commercial characteristics.

According to World Retail Data and Statistics 6th Edition (ISBN: 978-1-84264-530-7) published by Euromonitor International Ltd, Per Household Internet Retail Sales between 2004 to 2009 grew by 175% in USA, 363% in France, and 686% in Brazil. From members of the G8 to the less developed countries, per household Internet retail sales in every country grew betw